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Leaf Spider (Phonognatha graeffei)

Guess what? There’s a spider called the leaf or leaf curling spider. It loves to weave webs in certain parts of Australia. The fun part? This spider hides in a curled-up leaf right in the center of its web! That’s how it got its name.

Scientific Classification

Leaf Spider

Physical Description & Identification

Adults

  • Size: The males are 5 – 6 mm long, while females have a length of 8-12 mm.
  • Color: The male and female spiders are similar when it comes to coloration, having a reddish-brown body and legs alongside a cream pattern on the back.
  • Other Characteristic Features: They have fat, oval-shaped bodies along with long tapering legs.
Leaf Spider Size

Eggs

The eggs are laid within a curled leaf suspended at a distance from the foliage.

Spiderlings

The juvenile spiders begin to bend over a small-sized green leaf and eventually move on to bigger ones.

The Web

The web of these spiders can be identified in an easy way which has a diameter of about 30 cm. It is in the shape of an incomplete circle, open at the upper part and fanning in a downward direction.

Leaf Spider Web

Are Leaf Spiders Venomous?

Yes, Leaf Spiders are venomous. They use their venom to catch tasty insects for food, but it’s not very harmful to humans.

Can Leaf Spiders Bite?

Yes, Leaf curling Spiders can bite. They’re usually busy in their webs, but if they do bite, it feels like a little pinch and isn’t harmful for most folks.

Leaf Spider Male

Photo Credit: Iain R Macaulay

Ecological Importance and Behavior of Leaf Curling Spider

Leaf Curling Spiders are important biological control agents. By preying on flying insects, they help to regulate insect populations, contributing to the health of their habitats. They are diurnal, remaining active during the day and using their curled leaves as shields against predators and environmental elements.

Natural Predators: Birds and parasitic wasps are among the Leaf Curling Spider’s natural predators. These predators help maintain a balance within the ecosystem, ensuring that spider populations do not become too large and disrupt the ecological equilibrium.

Prey-Predator Dynamics: The relationship between Leaf Curling Spiders and their prey is a classic predator-prey interaction within their environment. They control the insect population, while also providing nourishment for their predators, maintaining a healthy balance in the food web.

Relationship with Humans: Leaf Curling Spiders are generally harmless to humans. While they are venomous, their bites are rare and typically result in no more than minor discomfort. They often go unnoticed by humans due to their cryptic lifestyle and can be found in both natural and suburban gardens where they continue their role as pest controllers.

Quick Facts

Other NamesLeaf Curling spider
DistributionEastern, southern, north-eastern states of Australia
HabitatOpen woodland, forest, as well as gardens in suburban and urban regions
DietFlying insects
PredatorsBirds, parasitic wasps
Lifespan Approximately 1 year
Leaf Spider Female

Photo Credit: David Nice

Did You Know

  • These spiders remain active during the day and safeguard themselves from predators by sitting within the silk-seamed leaves that are curled.

In summary, the Leaf Curling Spider is a remarkable example of adaptation and ecological significance.

Phonognatha Graeffei
Leaf Curling Spider

Guess what? There’s a spider called the leaf or leaf curling spider. It loves to weave webs in certain parts of Australia. The fun part? This spider hides in a curled-up leaf right in the center of its web! That’s how it got its name.

Leaf Spider

Physical Description & Identification

Adults

  • Size: The males are 5 – 6 mm long, while females have a length of 8-12 mm.
  • Color: The male and female spiders are similar when it comes to coloration, having a reddish-brown body and legs alongside a cream pattern on the back.
  • Other Characteristic Features: They have fat, oval-shaped bodies along with long tapering legs.
Leaf Spider Size

Eggs

The eggs are laid within a curled leaf suspended at a distance from the foliage.

Spiderlings

The juvenile spiders begin to bend over a small-sized green leaf and eventually move on to bigger ones.

The Web

The web of these spiders can be identified in an easy way which has a diameter of about 30 cm. It is in the shape of an incomplete circle, open at the upper part and fanning in a downward direction.

Leaf Spider Web

Are Leaf Spiders Venomous?

Yes, Leaf Spiders are venomous. They use their venom to catch tasty insects for food, but it’s not very harmful to humans.

Can Leaf Spiders Bite?

Yes, Leaf curling Spiders can bite. They’re usually busy in their webs, but if they do bite, it feels like a little pinch and isn’t harmful for most folks.

Leaf Spider Male

Photo Credit: Iain R Macaulay

Ecological Importance and Behavior of Leaf Curling Spider

Leaf Curling Spiders are important biological control agents. By preying on flying insects, they help to regulate insect populations, contributing to the health of their habitats. They are diurnal, remaining active during the day and using their curled leaves as shields against predators and environmental elements.

Natural Predators: Birds and parasitic wasps are among the Leaf Curling Spider’s natural predators. These predators help maintain a balance within the ecosystem, ensuring that spider populations do not become too large and disrupt the ecological equilibrium.

Prey-Predator Dynamics: The relationship between Leaf Curling Spiders and their prey is a classic predator-prey interaction within their environment. They control the insect population, while also providing nourishment for their predators, maintaining a healthy balance in the food web.

Relationship with Humans: Leaf Curling Spiders are generally harmless to humans. While they are venomous, their bites are rare and typically result in no more than minor discomfort. They often go unnoticed by humans due to their cryptic lifestyle and can be found in both natural and suburban gardens where they continue their role as pest controllers.

Quick Facts

Other NamesLeaf Curling spider
DistributionEastern, southern, north-eastern states of Australia
HabitatOpen woodland, forest, as well as gardens in suburban and urban regions
DietFlying insects
PredatorsBirds, parasitic wasps
Lifespan Approximately 1 year
Leaf Spider Female

Photo Credit: David Nice

Did You Know

  • These spiders remain active during the day and safeguard themselves from predators by sitting within the silk-seamed leaves that are curled.

In summary, the Leaf Curling Spider is a remarkable example of adaptation and ecological significance.

Phonognatha Graeffei
Leaf Curling Spider